中国临床药学杂志

目的探讨地塞米松复合利多卡因胶浆涂抹气管导管,对经鼻气管插管全身麻醉术后咽喉部并发症的影响。方法选择2011年1月至2012年1月我院200例经鼻气管插管全身麻醉的口腔科择期手术患者,按随机数字表分为2组,对照组:0.9%氯化钠注射剂复合2%利多卡因胶浆涂抹气管导管表面;地塞米松组:0.5%地塞米松复合2%利多卡因胶浆涂抹气管导管表面。每组100例。记录2组患者的年龄、性别、身高、体质量、导管型号、插管次数以及术后1、6、24 h声音嘶哑、咽喉疼痛及咳嗽的发生情况,并对记录指标进行统计学分析。结果 2组患者术后均未发生严重声音嘶哑。地塞米松组患者术后1、6、24 h声音嘶哑发生率(16.32%、13.27%、11.22%)均低于对照组(35.35%、30.30%、26.26%)(P均<0.05);咽喉疼痛发生率(19.39%、14.29%、9.18%)均低于对照组(47.47%、34.34%、25.25%)(P均<0.05);咳嗽的发生率(40.16%、36.73%、29.59%)均低于对照组(56.57%、51.52%、41.41%)(P均<0.05);而且地塞米松组在各时间点并发症的严重程度明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论地塞米松复合利多卡因胶浆涂抹气管导管,可减少经鼻气管插管全身麻醉术后咽喉部并发症的发生。

AIM To explore the effect of dexamethasone compound lidocaine mucilage smeared endotracheal tube on postoperative complications of throat after the nasal tracheal intubation general anesthesia.METHODS A total of 200 adult patients undergoing selective oral surgery who required the nasal tracheal intubation general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups : group A( control group) 0.9% sodium chloride injection compound 2% lidocaine mucilage smeared endotracheal tube,group B( dexamethasone group) 0.5% dexamethasone compound 2% lidocaine mucilage smeared endotracheal tube,100 patients in each group.Records of each patient's age,sex,height,weight,and the types of endotracheal tube,number of intubation and hoarseness,sore throat and cough occurrence at postoperative 1,6and 24 h were made.RESULTS The incidence of hoarseness at 1,6 and 24 h after operation in dexamethasone group(16.32%,13.27%,11.22%) were lower than the control group(35.35%,30.30%,26.26%; P <0.05) and no severe hoarseness was detected in either group; the incidence of sore throat at 1,6 and 24 h after operation in dexamethasone group( 19.39%,14.29%,9.18%) were lower than the control group( 47.47%,34.34%,25.25%; P < 0.05); the incidence of cough at 1,6 and 24 h after operation in dexamethasone group( 40.16%,36.73%,29.59%) were lower than the control group( 56.57%,51.52%,41.41%; P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Dexamethasone compound lidocaine mucilage smeared endotracheal tube can decrease the incidence and severity of postoperative hoarseness,sore throat and cough when the nasal tracheal intubation general anesthesia is done.