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目的 采用meta分析的方法评估水中运动对下肢骨关节炎（OA）患者疗效的影响。方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase和Web of Science数据库中相关文献，检索时限为建库到2025年6月，检索内容为水中运动对下肢OA患者的疗效的随机对照试验（RCT），分为对照组（无特殊干预）和水中运动组（予水中运动训练）。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行meta分析，采用标准化均数差（SMD）及95%置信区间（CI）评估OA的疗效。结果 共纳入24项RCT，包括1 823例患者。短期随访结果显示，与对照组比较，水中运动组下肢OA患者的关节疼痛[SMD=-0.75,95%CI:-1.03～-0.46,P<0.05]、身体功能[SMD=-0.62,95%CI:-0.94～-0.30,P<0.05]、僵硬程度[SMD=-0.42,95%CI:-0.74～-0.10,P<0.05]、运动与娱乐功能[SMD=-0.99,95%CI:-1.84～-0.14,P<0.05]的改善效果更好，表明水中运动对疼痛、身体功能、僵硬程度和运动与娱乐功能有改善作用。中期随访结果显示，水中运动组在疼痛、身体功能及运动与娱乐功能方面改善效果优于对照组；长期随访结果表明，水中运动组的关节疼痛情况得到进一步改善。结论 水中运动可有效改善下肢OA患者的疼痛、功能、身体症状及生活质量。
Abstract：AIM To systematically evaluate the efficacy of aquatic exercise for patients with lower limb osteoarthritis(OA) using meta-analysis method. METHODS Relevant literature was retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases from their inception to June 2025, focusing on randomized controlled trials(RCT) assessing the efficacy of aquatic exercise for lower limb OA patients. Participants were assigned to either a control group(no specific intervention) or an aquatic exercise group(receiving aquatic exercise training). Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4, with the standardized mean difference(SMD) and 95% confidence interval(CI) used to assess the efficacy of aquatic exercise for OA. RESULTS Twenty-four RCTs involving 1 823 patients were ultimately included. Short-term follow-up results indicated that compared with the control group, the aquatic exercise group demonstrated significant improvements in joint pain(SMD=-0.75, 95%CI:-1.03,-0.46, P < 0.05), physical function(SMD=-0.62, 95%CI:-0.94,-0.30, P < 0.05], stiffness(SMD=-0.42, 95%CI:-0.74,-0.10, P < 0.05), and function in sport and recreation(SMD=-0.99, 95%CI:-1.84,-0.14, P < 0.05). Analysis restricted to patients with knee osteoarthritis also demonstrated that aquatic exercise improved all four clinical dimensions of OA. Mid-term follow-up results showed improvements in pain, physical function, and exercise and recreation function. Long-term follow-up results indicated enhanced functional outcomes in the pain dimension. CONCLUSION Aquatic exercise effectively improves pain, function, physical symptoms, and quality of life in patients with lower limb OA.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19577/j.1007-4406.2026.01.003
中图分类号:R684.3
引用信息:
[1]简怀玉,王子曦,苏灵玉,等.水中运动对下肢骨关节炎疗效影响的meta分析[J].中国临床药学杂志,2026,35(01):13-22.DOI:10.19577/j.1007-4406.2026.01.003.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目（编号82173901）; 湖南省重点研发计划项目（编号2023SK2007）